House Democrats have discussed the possibility of drafting as many as three articles of impeachment against President Donald Trump as they prepare to take their Ukraine impeachment inquiry public next week, following nearly a month of closed-door depositions, according to multiple sources familiar with the deliberations.

No final decisions have been made, and the outcome will ultimately depend on the conclusions of the ongoing investigation. In the two most recent presidential impeachment proceedings, the House Judiciary Committee forwarded three articles against President Richard Nixon and four against President Bill Clinton to the full House. Those articles included charges such as abuse of power, obstruction of justice, and contempt of Congress for defying subpoenas.
Democrats have floated charging Trump with abuse of power for allegedly pressuring the Ukrainian government to investigate former Vice President Joe Biden’s family and the 2016 election. They are also considering an obstruction of Congress charge related to the administration’s refusal to comply with subpoenas seeking documents and witness testimony.
In addition, lawmakers have weighed a separate obstruction of justice article tied to Trump’s efforts to interfere with former special counsel Robert Mueller’s investigation. Findings from the obstruction-focused second volume of Mueller’s report are repeatedly cited in the materials accompanying the House resolution that formally launched the impeachment inquiry.
Some Democrats have suggested that an obstruction of Congress article could closely mirror the one approved against President Nixon, detailing each subpoena the administration has ignored. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi’s office declined to comment on any potential articles at this stage, and Pelosi herself has not endorsed a specific number or set of charges.
The question of how many articles to pursue was raised during a recent meeting Pelosi held with Democrats focused on impeachment messaging, according to sources familiar with the discussion, though Pelosi did not respond directly to the suggestion.
“The focus is on what’s in front of us right now: making the public case about the president’s abuse of power and his actions to undermine the 2020 election,” a senior Democratic leadership aide told ABC News.
While some Democrats have also advocated charging Trump with violations of the Constitution’s Emoluments Clause, others have argued for keeping the impeachment effort narrowly centered on Ukraine.
Although most impeachment hearings will be conducted by the House Intelligence Committee, the Judiciary Committee will be responsible for drafting the articles of impeachment. It remains unclear whether those articles will explicitly allege criminal conduct.
The Judiciary Committee is expected to move forward after receiving a comprehensive report from the Intelligence, Oversight, and Foreign Affairs Committees summarizing their findings in the coming weeks. Other panels, including Ways and Means and Financial Services, may also provide information from their investigations to support the drafting process.
From a political standpoint, pursuing multiple articles could benefit some House Democrats, particularly freshmen from moderate or GOP-leaning districts. Many of those lawmakers have expressed concerns about the administration’s obstruction of Congress, even if they have not fully committed to saying Trump’s actions toward Ukraine warrant impeachment.
Multiple articles could also increase pressure on Republicans in both chambers who have criticized the administration’s refusal to cooperate with congressional oversight but have rejected claims that Trump abused his presidential authority.
In 1998, the Republican-led House Judiciary Committee approved four articles of impeachment against President Bill Clinton. However, the full House ultimately passed only two—charging Clinton with perjury before a grand jury and obstruction of justice related to the Paula Jones case. The other two articles failed, with significant numbers of Republicans voting against an additional perjury charge and an abuse of power count.
“It gives Democrats in tighter districts the opportunity to say they’re open-minded,” said Rep. Peter King, R-N.Y., who voted against Clinton’s impeachment in 1998, in an interview with ABC News.
King, who has said he does not view Trump’s comments to Ukraine’s president as impeachable and has defended the White House’s right to contest subpoenas, nonetheless predicted that very few Republicans would break ranks in any House vote on impeachment.
“Most, if not all, Republicans will see all the articles as tied together,” he said.